Population problems faced by developing countries.

Differences in their social, economic and cultural systems lead to different sets of problems relating to population in developing and developed countries.

1. Low Levels of Technological Development:

This is directly linked to low productivity levels in countries like India, Pakistan, China, Myanmar, Nepal, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines etc. Low productivity means slow growth which is the root cause of rapid population growth in these countries.

2. Low Population Levels:

This is the strange case with many countries having abundant natural resources which lie untapped for want of human resources. These countries include Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Zaire, Russian Siberia, Kazhakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. 

3. Disproportionate Share of Young Population:

This is because of improved health facilities. This younger section puts tremendous pressure on a comparatively small working population.

4. Lack of Diversification of Economy:

Lack of development of secondary and tertiary sectors leaves limited employment opportunities for the skilled and the educated who move to more developed towns or to foreign countries in search of better job opportunities. This results in a distorted demographic structure in both the countries.

5. Under-nourishment and Lack of Hygiene:

Low standards of living and poor living conditions are Responsible for this. As a result, incidence of diseases is high leading to high rates of mortality, especially among children and pregnant mothers.

6. Inefficient Agricultural Sector: 

Subsistence agriculture is the hallmark of emerging countries. Traditional and antiquated agricultural methods and implements, a lack of money for investment, fragmented holdings, and semi-feudal tenancy relations all contribute to the economy's shaky foundation. Inefficient Agricultural Sector: 

7. Under populated Pockets:

These may exist either within populated countries or as separate countries. This type of situation, especially in the first case, leads to rural-urban disparity. Also, it becomes uneconomical to invest in physical and social infrastructure in such countries. Any investment in agriculture or in industry involves long gestation periods in such pockets. Industry faces the problem of shortage of skilled manpower and insufficient market, even if high standards of living prevail.

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